Entrepreneurial intention among university students: associated personal factors
Keywords:
university, entrepreneur, quaibtitative approachSynopsis
In the contemporary global economic landscape, entrepreneurship has emerged as a fundamental pillar for individual and social development, driving economic growth, reducing unemployment, and accelerating technological advancement. Mexico, in particular, recognizes entrepreneurship as one of its main economic strengths, with Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) accounting for 99% of all firms, 72% of employment, and 52% of the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This phenomenon is driven by both necessity and opportunity, highlighting the importance of environments that enhance entrepreneurial capabilities.
In this context, higher education institutions—especially universities—play a catalytic role in fostering students’ entrepreneurial intention (EI). By integrating academic programs, infrastructure, regulatory frameworks, and an entrepreneurial culture, universities create a university entrepreneurial ecosystem that facilitates innovation and connections with economic actors, thereby promoting the creation of new ventures.
The present work, entitled University Environment and Entrepreneurial Intention: A Quantitative Approach, coordinated by Alejandro Campos Sánchez, Omar Guillermo Arriaga Cárdenas, and José Alberto Castellanos Gutiérrez, examines the complex interaction between the university environment and students’ entrepreneurial intention. This publication brings together a series of rigorous studies, primarily focused on students from economic and administrative disciplines at the University of Guadalajara. Its objective is to analyze, from a quantitative perspective, how various elements of the ecosystem influence university students’ predisposition to create and manage their own businesses.
At present, university entrepreneurship dynamics are also shaped by global trends such as digitalization, the knowledge economy, and the transition toward open innovation models. These factors require students not only to acquire technical and managerial competencies, but also to develop soft skills such as resilience, collaborative leadership, and adaptability. In this sense, entrepreneurial intention becomes an indicator of universities’ capacity to prepare graduates for complex, volatile, and uncertain scenarios, where social and economic value creation goes beyond the mere establishment of businesses.
Likewise, it is essential to recognize that university entrepreneurship cannot be detached from the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly with regard to fostering innovation, equal opportunities, and inclusive economic growth. The findings of this book are especially relevant in showing how students perceive and value their university environment as a space in which projects addressing social and environmental challenges can be incubated, thereby aligning the entrepreneurial spirit with an ethical and responsible perspective. Entrepreneurial intention thus emerges not only as an economic driver, but also as a mechanism for social transformation.
The chapters that comprise this book analyze key dimensions that collectively shape the university entrepreneurial ecosystem and its impact on EI. Factors examined include institutional support—which, although its effect may be limited, is nonetheless significant in motivating students to engage in entrepreneurship; perceptions of university infrastructure (physical, digital, and organizational), which, while positively influential, have a moderate impact on EI; entrepreneurial education, which shows a moderately positive correlation with the development of business-related skills and knowledge; the role of networking, recognized by students as crucial for accessing information, financing, and mentoring; the use of social media as a predictor, which positively influences EI, though not as a decisive factor on its own; and access to financing (formal and informal), which emerges as a significant determinant explaining a substantial portion of the variance in entrepreneurial intention.
Through a predominantly quantitative approach, validated by correlational, factor, and linear regression analyses, the studies presented here seek to identify the key elements that should be strengthened within the university ecosystem. The findings provide valuable inputs for governments, educational institutions, support organizations, and other stakeholders to identify effective strategies to promote entrepreneurship, benefiting not only individuals but society as a whole. This work makes a significant contribution to the academic literature by offering an empirical basis for the design of effective public policies, financial inclusion programs, and the continuous improvement of entrepreneurial education in the Mexican context.
By highlighting the factors that most strongly influence entrepreneurial intention, the book opens the door to informed dialogue among universities, businesses, and governments, fostering synergies that enhance innovation and regional development. In this way, the book not only contributes to the academic field, but also positions itself as a practical reference for building sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems capable of linking university talent with the needs and opportunities of contemporary society.
Therefore, the importance of this book lies in its capacity to inspire new research and educational practices that strengthen the link between theory and entrepreneurial action. By providing solid and up-to-date empirical evidence, it becomes a reference tool for both academics and policymakers responsible for designing entrepreneurship policies and programs. Moreover, it encourages students to recognize themselves as agents of change capable of generating innovative solutions to global and local challenges, thereby reinforcing the social relevance of higher education.
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